What are the surface markers found on T cell and B cells?
Contents
What are the surface markers found on T cell and B cells?
Immunophenotyping of B cells through flow cytometry
B Cell Type | Marker | Cellular localization |
---|---|---|
Plasma cell | IgG, CD27, CD38, CD78, CD138, CD319 | Secreted |
Plasma cell | IL-6 | Secreted (cytokine) |
Plasma cell | CD138 | Cell membrane |
Memory cell | IgA, IgG, IgE, CD20, CD27, CD40, CD80, PDL-2 | Secreted |
Why is CD19 important?
CD19 is critically involved in establishing intrinsic B cell signaling thresholds through modulating both B cell receptor (BCR)-dependent and independent signaling. It plays roles in the antigen-independent development as well as the immunoglobulin-induced activation of B cells.
How can you tell the difference between B and T cell lymphoma?
While B cells produce the antibodies that target diseased cells, T cells directly destroy bacteria or cells infected with viruses. This type of lymphoma is a fast-growing disease that is treated more like acute leukemia.
How long does it take for rituximab to deplete B cells?
Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, causes prompt and nearly complete depletion of peripheral B cells, which do not reappear for approximately 6 months in most patients [1].
How long does Rituxan stay in your system?
Interval between treatments and courses: “The half-life of rituximab is about 1 week; median duration of persistence in the blood at active levels is of about 3 months: ….
Is the CD19 gene expressed in all B lymphocytes?
B-lymphocyte antigen CD19, also known as CD19 molecule (C luster of D ifferentiation 19), B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4, T-Cell Surface Antigen Leu-12 and CVID3 is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the gene CD19. In humans, CD19 is expressed in all B lineage cells.
Why is CD19 a good target for immunotherapy?
Such discoveries have led to mounting interest in CD19 as a potential immunotherapy target for various autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. For cancer, since CD19 is a marker of B cells, the protein has been used to diagnose cancers that arise from this type of cell – notably B cell lymphomas, ALL, and CLL.
Where is CD19 found in the bone marrow?
CD19 is also expressed in a subset of acute myelogenous leukemias (=a cancer of the blood and bone marrow) indicating the close relationship between the lymphoid and myeloid lineages. CD19 is present on B cells from earliest recognizable B-lineage cells during development to B-cell blasts but is lost on maturation to plasma cells.
What kind of cancer is caused by elevated CD19?
Elevated CD19 is seen in B cell lymphomas and in autoimmune diseases. Since CD19 is a marker of B cells, the protein has been used to diagnose cancers that arise from this type of cell – notably: – B cell lymphomas. The B-cell lymphomas are types of lymphoma affecting B cells.