What are the types of epidemiological studies?

Epidemiology is fundamentally multidisciplinary and it uses knowledge from biology, sociology, statistics, and other fields. The four types of epidemiologic studies commonly used in radiation research are cluster, ecologic, case-control, and cohort studies.

What is epidemiology and types?

Major areas of epidemiological study include disease causation, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance, environmental epidemiology, forensic epidemiology, occupational epidemiology, screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. …

What are the 7 uses of epidemiology?

(The seven uses of epidemiology were identified by Morris as: demonstrating historical change; community diagnosis; identifying risks to individuals; analysis health service provision and needs; completing the clinical picture of disease; identification of syndromes; and discovering causes through observation of …

What is an example of an analytic study?

For example, one could identify smokers and non-smokers at baseline and compare their subsequent incidence of developing heart disease. Alternatively, one could group subjects based on their body mass index (BMI) and compare their risk of developing heart disease or cancer.

What are the two types of Epidemiology?

There are two main types of epidemiological studies: experimental studies and observational studies and both of them are divided into several subtypes. Observational studies are one of the most common types of epidemiological studies.

What do epidemiological studies measure?

Epidemiological studies measure the risk of illness or death in an exposed population compared to that risk in an identical, unexposed population (for example, a population the same age, sex, race and social status as the exposed population). A correlation shows the degree of relationship between two variables.

What are the main features of Epidemiology?

A key feature of epidemiology is the measurement of disease outcomes in relation to a population at risk. The population at risk is the group of people, healthy or sick, who would be counted as cases if they had the disease being studied.

How does epidemiology differ from microbiology?

Microbiology looks at the biology of microbes. Epidemiology, especially infectious disease epidemiology, looks at the distribution of disease caused by microbes and their determinants, while considering issues related to the host (human), agent (the microbe), and the environment.