What is CaMV 35S promoter?

The cauliflower mosaic virus promoter (CaMV 35S) is used in most transgenic crops to activate foreign genes which have been artificially inserted into the host plant. It is inserted into transgenic plants in a form which is different from that found when it is present in its natural Brassica plant hosts.

What is RNA promoter?

Promoter sequences are DNA sequences that define where transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase begins. Promoter sequences are typically located directly upstream or at the 5′ end of the transcription initiation site.

Why is the 35S promoter used?

The 35S CaMV promoter is generally considered to be a strong constitutive promoter1 and it facilitates high level of RNA transcription in a wide variety of plants, including plants well outside the host range of the virus2.

Why are GMOs 35S?

The Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter (P35S) is a commonly used target for detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The qualitative PCR could detect the P35S promoter in 23 unique GMO events with high specificity and sensitivity.

How many types of promoters are there?

There are three main portions that make up a promoter: core promoter, proximal promoter, and distal promoter. Below describes the specifics of these regions in eukaryotic cells.

What are CaMV 35S and NOS?

The 35S/NOS/FMVscreening is widely used in GMO testing and covers a broad spectrum of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This multiplex screening kit covers a broad spectrum of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

What is the function of the CaMV35S promoter?

The CaMV 35S promoter is arguably the most well studied and experimentally used regulatory component with activity in plant cells, with abundant information available on its individual functional domains and their contribution to promoter activity.

What happens when the 35S promoter sequence is absent?

In the absence of the 35S promoter sequence the AAP2 promoter is active only in vascular tissues as indicated by expression of the AAP2:GUS gene. With the 35S promoter sequence in the same T-plasmid, transgenic plants exhibit twofold to fivefold increase in AAP2 promoter activity and the promoter becomes active in all tissue types.

Where does CaMV 35S promoter sequence-specific DNA methylation occur?

We previously reported that cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter-specific DNA methylation in transgenic gentian (Gentiana triflora × G. scabra) plants occurs irrespective of the copy number and the genomic location of T-DNA, and causes strong gene silencing.

Can a 35S promoter be replaced with a NOS promoter?

Furthermore, if the 35S promoter sequence was replaced with the NOS promoter sequence, no alteration in AAP2, AGL5 or PAB5 promoter activities was observed. Our results demonstrate that the 35S promoter sequence can convert an adjacent tissue- and organ-specific gene promoter into a globally active promoter.